Contents
1. Summary
..............................................................................................
4
2. Introduction
..........................................................................................
5
2.1. Background
..............................................................................
6
2.1.1. The number of
Palestinians in Iraq .......................................... 6
2.1.2 Legal Status
..............................................................................
6
2.1.3 The situation of the
Palestinians in Iraq ................................... 8
2.2. Documentation
....................................................................... 11
2.2.1 Identity cards
.............................................................................
11
2.2.2 Travel documents
................................................................. 12
3. Resident Permits
................................................................................
13
4. Palestinians returning to
Iraq; Entry/exit procedures ......................... 13
5. Conclusion
.........................................................................................
15
6. Consulted Sources
..............................................................................
17
5.1 Oral sources
..................................................................................
17
5.2 Written Sources
............................................................................ 17
7. Abbreviations
.....................................................................................
18
Om rapporten
Denna rapport är skriven i
enlighet med EU:s allmänna riktlinjer för framtagande av landinformation
(2008). Den är sammanställd utifrån noggrant utvalda och allmänt tillgängliga
informationskällor. Alla använda källor refereras. All information som presenteras,
med undantag av obestridda/uppenbara fakta, har dubbelkontrollerats om inget annat
anges.
Informationen har noggrant
granskats, utvärderats och bearbetats under en begränsad tid.
Sammanställningen gör inte anspråk
på att vara uttömmande och bör inte tillmätas exklusivt bevisvärde i samband
med avgörandet av ett enskilt ärende.
Om en specifik händelse,
person eller organisation inte nämns i rapporten innebär inte detta att
händelsen inte har ägt rum, eller att personen eller organisationen inte
existerar.
Informationen i rapporten
återspeglar inte nödvändigtvis Migrationsverkets officiella ståndpunkt i en
viss fråga och det finns ingen avsikt att genom rapporten göra politiska ställningstaganden.
Lifos Palestinians in Iraq
Migrationsverket &
Landinfo 2014-03-07 4 (18)
1. Summary
Palestinians in Iraq were
never formally recognized as refugees. However
subsequent to a number of key
resolutions undertaken by the Arab League
as well as the 1965
Casablanca Protocol -Protocol for the Treatment of
Palestinians in Arab States- the group was granted a
number of rights and
services by the Baath regime.
Although there has been no change in the
entitlements granted by the
previous regime the situation for the Palestinian
community changed drastically
in 2003 when Saddam was ousted from
power. Hundreds of
Palestinian were targeted by armed militias and other
groups who sought revenge
against the perceived preferential treatment the group received by the former
regime.
The wave of sectarian
violence that swept the country in 2006-2007, coupled with the attacks carried
out against the Palestinian community at the time, prompted thousands of
Palestinians to flee the country. Their numbers have decreased considerably
since then. Reportedly, between 10 000 to 15 000 Palestinians are said to
remain in Iraq today.
Although the situation of the
Palestinians in Iraq has improved since 2007
many still feel insecure as a
result of their experience during the sectarian
violence. The deteriorating
political and security situation now facing the
country has also raised
concerns of new provocations and reprisals amongst members of the Palestinian
community. The general sentiment that the community received preferential
treatment from the previous regime still prevails. As a result, Palestinians
continue to face discrimination and harassment because of their nationality.
New identity cards were
issued to Palestinians in 2008. Palestinians who
arrived to Iraq in 1948 and
their descendants are also entitled to Iraqi travel
documents for Palestinians.
Palestinians wishing to leave
the country are required to obtain an exit permit from the Directorate of
Residency Affairs/Department of Arab Affairs (DRA/DAA) within the Ministry of
Interior (MoI). The permit allows Palestinians to reside outside the country
for three months.
Palestinians who exceed the
time limit can re-enter the country after approval from the DRA/DAA provided
they have a valid Iraqi travel document or a valid Palestinian passport issued
by the Palestinian Authority.
Upon approval the Iraqi
embassy can issue an entry visa. Palestinians who
left the country illegally
may also be granted re-entry by the DRA/DAA.
Other than submitting a valid
travel document or passport they are also
requested to verify that they
were formerly residing in Iraq.
Lifos Palestinians in Iraq
Migrationsverket &
Landinfo 2014-03-07 5 (18)
2. Introduction
This report addresses the
current situation of Palestinians residing in Iraq.
The report further examines
issues concerning documentation issued to
Palestinians by the Iraqi
authorities as well as entry and exit procedures
pertaining to the group´s
right to travel from and to Iraq.
The report mainly deals with
information compiled following a joint fact finding mission on November 16th to
21st 2013, to Baghdad and Erbil undertaken by the Swedish Migration Board´s
country of origin information
unit, Lifos, and the
Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo, at the Norwegian
Directorate of Immigration. Further information
was acquired through email
correspondence as well as telephone interviews conducted with officials within
the Ministry of Interior (MoI).
Lifos Palestinians in Iraq
Migrationsverket &
Landinfo 2014-03-07 6 (18)
2.1. Background
2.1.1. The number of
Palestinians in Iraq
The Palestinian population in
Iraq had numbered approximately 35 000 before the overthrow of the
Baathist-regime in 2003.1 Today their numbers
have dwindled to about 10 000
to 15 0002. UNHCR in Bagdad estimates
that there are about 9000
Palestinians living in Baghdad alone3. The overall majority reside in the
districts of al-Baladiyat and Zafarania. Smaller
numbers are located near
Mosul, approximately 1000 persons, as well as
Basra, around 100 persons,
and the Kurdish region which hosts a few individuals in Sulaimaniya.4 UNHCR
recently completed a survey on the
Palestinians. The survey is
due to be finalised in the coming months5.
2.1.2 Legal Status
The Palestinians that settled
in Iraq came in three successive waves. The
first wave which originated
from Haifa and Jaffa came to Iraq in 1948. This
group fled first to Jenin
following attacks carried out on their villages. In Jenin they met up with the
Iraqi army that was stationed in the area at the
time. Women and children were
evacuated by the Iraqi army to Iraq in 1948.
The men were incorporated
into a special unit within the Iraqi army known
as the “Carmel Brigades”. The
brigade, having numbered 4000 at the time,
entered Iraq in 1949
following the Iraqi army´s withdrawal from Jenin. The second wave came to Iraq
after 1967 following the occupation of the West
Bank and Gaza Strip. The
third influx of Palestinians entered Iraq in the aftermath of the Gulf War when
most Palestinians were expelled from Kuwait.
According to representatives
at the Palestinian Embassy in Baghdad Palestinians residing in the Iraq today
are either refugees from 1948 or 1967. Palestinians who came from Kuwait
following the Gulf War in 1991
have all left the country.
The majority originated from Gaza and Lebanon.6
Lifos Palestinians in Iraq
Migrationsverket &
Landinfo 2014-03-07 7 (18)
The Palestinian refugees in
Iraq were never formally recognized as refugees by the Iraqi government.
However, they were given protection in
accordance to key resolutions
undertaken by the Arab League as well as the 1965 Casablanca Protocol, Protocol
for the Treatment of Palestinians in
Arab States 7.
Palestinians were granted a
five year residency permit as well as travel documents. However, as is the case
with most Arab countries hosting Palestinian refugees, and in accordance with
the Casablanca Protocol, they were not granted Iraqi citizenship and
consequently did not qualify for Iraqi national passports.
Palestinians residing in Iraq
do not fall under the jurisdiction of the United
Nations Relief and Work
Agency, UNRWA. Iraq refused to allow UNWRA
the permission to operate on
their territory when the organization was established in 1949 8. Palestinians
living in Iraq fall under the mandate of the UNHCR as the organization covers
Palestinian refugees outside UNWRA´s area of operations. 9
UNHCR considers two groups of
Palestinian refugees to fall under the scope of Article 1d of the 1951
convention:
“(i) Palestinians who are “Palestine
refugees” within the sense of UN General Assembly Resolution 194 (III) of 11
December 1948 and other UN General Assembly Resolutions, who were displaced
from that part of Palestine which became Israel, and who have been unable to
return there.
(ii) Palestinians who are “displaced
persons” within the sense of UN General Assembly Resolution 2252 (ES-V) of 4
June 1967 and subsequent
UN General Assembly
Resolutions, and who have been unable to return to
the Palestinian territories
occupied by Israel since 1967.”10
UNHCR also provides
assistance to Palestinians who do not fall under the
above mentioned criteria but
who are outside the Palestinian territories and
who may have a well-founded
fear of persecution in accordance to the 1951 convention grounds. Such refugees
can qualify as refugees under the Article 1A(2) of the 1951 Convention.
The Revolutionary Command
Council decision of 12 September 2001, Decree 202, stipulates that Palestinians
who have residency in Iraq are to be ‘treated as Iraqi citizens in rights and
duties’, with the exception of the right to acquire Iraqi nationality11,
property or land12.
Palestinians were granted a
number of rights and social services in Iraq,
including the right to work,
as well as access to health care and education.
They were also provided with
government-owned housing free of charge, at
the al-Balidiyat residence
complex in Baghdad, or fixed subsidized rent in
privately owned dwellings.
There have been no
significant changes in the rights and entitlements of the Palestinian
population prior to the fall of the Baath regime. With the new
identity cards issued by the
MoI in 2008, Palestinians continue to have access to public schools and health
service as well as food rations in accordance to the food distribution system
(PDS). They are also able to rent property. Palestinians are in principle
allowed to seek employment within the public as well as the private sector.
However, the rise in unemployment in Iraq has adversely affected the
Palestinian community to an even greater extent than the rest of the Iraqi
population.
2.1.3 The situation of the
Palestinians in Iraq
The situation of the
Palestinian community changed drastically after the fall
of the Baath regime in 2003.
This was mainly triggered by the public sentiment that perceived the
Palestinian community as supporters to the
former regime because of the
benefits they received during the Saddam era.
As a result, Palestinians
were subjected to harassment, targeted attacks,
kidnappings as well as
extra-judicial killings which were predominately carried out by Shi´a militias.
Hundreds of Palestinian families were also forcibly evicted from government and
privately owned housing by groups of
armed militia as well as
landlords who had received minimal rent from the
government and who no longer
felt obliged to grant subsidized housing.
The impact of the sectarian
violence on the Palestinian community at the
time prompted thousands to
flee the country. About 300 Palestinians were
killed at the time13. The
population of al-Balidiyat decreased from 8 000 to
4 000 individuals.14
According to the UNHCR some
of the families who fled to Syria during the
sectarian violence have opted
to return to Iraq. UNHCR received 10 families from Syria15.
The al-Waleed camp on the
border between Iraq and Syria hosted around120 fleeing Iraqi Palestinians.
Although the camp is formerly closed
some 60 Palestinians are said
to remain at the border area today16.
Although the general security
situation for Palestinian refugees has improved since 2007 many Palestinians
continue to feel insecure by the
experience of threats and
violence they endured in the aftermath of the post Saddam era. UNHCR reported
in 2012 that the unstable political and
security climate in the
country also raises concerns of new provocations
amongst members of the
Palestinian community.17
UNHCR`s representative in
Bagdad Dr. Claire Borgeois, stated in her meeting with the delegation in
November 2013 that Palestinians are not
directly subjected to any
imminent threats or risks which would single them
out from any other minority
group. However, the general sentiment that Palestinians received preferential
treatment during the Saddam regime still
persists.
While the legal rights
outlined by the previous regime still exist, many Palestinians are finding it
difficult accessing or enjoying these rights. For
example, it has been reported
that Palestinians working within the public as
well as the private sector
have had their employment terminated because
they did not hold Iraqi
nationality18.
The Institution for International
Law and Human Rights (IILHR) states in its report Iraq´s Minorities and
Other Vulnerable Groups: Legal framework, Documentation and Human Rights that
the humanitarian situation continues to be a challenge for the Palestinian
community in the country. Families living in al-Balidiyat district face
overcrowding. Reportedly at least 4000 persons live in the 16 apartment complex
free of rent where three to four families may occupy a single apartment.
Several thousand live in the
surrounding area. Water,
electricity and other services are limited. The situation is reported to be the
same for the Palestinian population in Mosul.19
Representatives at the
Palestinian Embassy in Baghdad the delegation spoke to in November 2013
maintained that Palestinians want to leave Iraq
because of the bad treatment
they are receiving in the country. Many continue to face discrimination and
arbitrary arrests because of their nationality and connected suspicions of
terrorist activity. Those leaving the
country travel to Turkey and
Tunisia but have Europe and Australia as their
final destination.
One embassy representative
informed the delegation that although he is
born in Baghdad and upholds
diplomatic status he faces problems at the
checkpoints because he is
Palestinian. His daughter´s application to study
pharmacy was rejected because
of her nationality. She had to accept a seat at
the technical college
instead.20
In its Aide Memoire of July
2012 concerning the situation of Palestinian Refugees in Iraq the UNHCR
reported that there has been no incidents that
would suggest the
Palestinians children were being denied access to education. However, there
have been individual reports of harassment, negative attitudes and stereotyping
undertaken by some teachers towards
Palestinian children21.
There are currently 60
Palestinians in detention in Iraq. One of them has
been sentenced to death due
to terror activities.
The representatives at the
Palestinian Embassy in Baghdad took up the case of a Palestinian who approached
the embassy and informed that he had been arrested and tortured by the Iraqi
authorities in June 2013 as a result of mistaken identity - he had the same
name as a terrorist suspect. Although the authorities became aware of the
mistaken identity the man was forced to pay 1000 USD for his release. A similar
incident was reported involving two Palestinians who were taken by soldiers
from a farm they were living at. Both were mistreated and had to pay to be
released.
Another Palestinian is
currently in detention suspected of terrorist activities
after being arrested on the
street in November 2013. The authorities have
threatened to charge him with
terrorist activities if he does not pay 7000
USD.22
2.2. Documentation
2.2.1 Identity cards
The Ministry of Interior
(MoI) started to issue new identity cards for Palestinians refugees in January
2008. Identity cards issued to Palestinians
vary in colour depending on
the refugee group they belong to.
Palestinian refugees from
1948 are issued red Identity cards (that is identity cards with a
red-coloured strip). Palestinians refugees who arrived to Iraq in 1967 and
thereafter are issued yellow identity cards (that is identity cards with
a yellow-coloured strip).23
All identity cards are valid
for three years. The document is issued by the
Permanent Committee for
Refugee Affairs (PCRA) – al-Lajnah al-Da´imal
´Shoun al-Laje´en- within the MoI24.
Each individual is issued a
separate document. This is also applied for underage children.25
When applying for an identity
card the applicant is required to submit a certificate of residency- ta´ed
sakan. According to an official in PCRA the
certificate of residency is
not to be confused with the housing card issued to Iraqis. The certificate
serves as verification for the person´s ongoing residency, i.e. that he/she
upholds a place of residence in the country. The
certificate is issued upon
request by the local area representative- Mukhtar.
The PCRA also requires
verification of status for Palestinian refugees from
1948 which it submits in a
request to the Ministry of Migration and Displacement (MoMD). This procedure is
specific for the refugee group from 1948 because it is the only group of
Palestinians the MoMD holds records of. Once obtained, the information is
forwarded in a letter to PCRA. Refugees from 1967 and other Palestinians are
not required to verify their status.
A Palestinian can apply for
an identity card through proxy. In case the person is outside the country the
proxy is drafted by the designated Iraqi
embassy or diplomatic mission
abroad. The proxy can only be given to a
family member. Once the proxy
is obtained the PCRA will issue a new document in accordance with the
prevailing procedures26.
The PCRA also renews expired
and lost identity cards. In the cases pertaining to loss of document the
applicant is also requested to submit a
statement from the police
station or a judge confirming the loss of the document 27.
2.2.2 Travel documents
Only Palestinian refugees
adhering to the refugee group of 1948 are entitled to Iraqi travel documents,
pursuant to Law No. 26 of 1961 Travel
Documents for Palestinians;
and General Passport Law No.55/1959 (still in
force), as well as the Law
No. 65 of 1983. Travel documents are issued by
the DRA/DAA28.
Other Palestinians nationals
can obtain passports issued by the Palestinian
Authority29.
The travel documents are
valid for five years but have to be renewed every
year. The renewal is
registered in the document. After five years the holder
is required to apply for a
new document. 30
Palestinians wishing to apply
for a travel document have to present their
identity card, ration card,
certificate of residency- ta´ed sakan, as well as a
supporting letter from both
the PCRA and the Palestinian Embassy31. The
documents are then submitted
with the application form.
Children under the age of 14
are included in their father´s travel document.
Children aged 14 and above
receive separate documents.32 According to
UNHCR, the authorities are
considering issuing separate travel documents
for all underage children33.
Reportedly, Iraqi embassies
and diplomatic missions abroad do not issue
travel documents to
Palestinians refugees from Iraq. Travel documents can
only be obtained through the
DRA/DAA34 .
When a Palestinian outside
Iraq requests to have his/her travel document
extended, renewed or updated
to include additional family members the Iraqi embassy or diplomatic missions
have to contact the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA). The embassy is also
requested to submit the following information pertaining to the document
holder;
Number of the travel document
Date of issue
Place of issuance
Name of holder
Names of persons accompanying the document holder
The embassy is thereafter
required to comply with the instructions from the
MoFA`s Consular Department,
and the DRA/DAA35.
Palestinians outside Iraq can
authorize a representative, by proxy, certified
by the Iraqi Embassy to apply
for a travel document on their behalf. The
proxy is submitted through
the MoFA´s Consular Department. The authorized representative can submit the
application at the DRA/DAA. The
representative is also
required to submit a copy of the proxy as well as a
copy of the applicant´s
travel document along with the application.36
3. Resident Permits
Resident permits issued to
Palestinians in Iraq are valid for one year. The
permits are issued and
renewed at the DRA/DAA.
All Palestinians wishing to
apply for a resident permit have to verify both
their identity as well as
their status. Verification of identity is confirmed through submission of the
identity card for Palestinians. Verification of status is done by obtaining a
letter from the Palestinian Embassy in Baghdad as well as a statement from the
PCRA. In addition, the applicant is also requested to submit a certificate of
residency- ta´ed sakan -in order to confirm that he/she is residing in
the country.37
4. Palestinians returning to
Iraq: Entry/exit
procedures
All Palestinians residing in
Iraq are requested to obtain approval from the
MoI prior to their departure
from the country38. The DRA/DAA is in charge
of issuing exit permits for
Palestinians wishing to travel abroad. The exit
permit allows Palestinian to
reside outside the country for a period of three
months. In some cases the
applicant may have to give a reason for requesting an exit permit. 39
There are also cases where a
person may stay longer abroad, for example for studies. A representative from
the Palestinian Embassy in Baghdad the
delegation spoke to mentioned
that his son who is currently studying in the
Ukraine receives an entry
visa upon arrival each time he visits Iraq. The
representative also added
that his son did not face any difficulties obtaining
the visa since he is born in
Iraq. 40
Exit permits are issued after
consent from the PCRA. In order to obtain the
PCRA´s consent the applicant
must first submit his/her identity card to the
Committee. The identity card
is returned upon re-entry to the country.
Upon receiving the identity
document the PCRA gives its consent which is
drafted in a letter to the
DRA/DAA instructing the designated authority to
issue the permit. The permit,
a blue-coloured sticker, is then added to the
applicant´s travel document
(1948 refugee) or Palestinian passport issued by the Palestinian Authority
(1967 refugees and other Palestinians).
The permit is valid for 10
days during which the applicant may leave the country. Those who do not leave
the country within that period have to pay
a fine and apply for a new
permit. In some cases the permit is renewed without any charge. It depends on the
circumstances.41
Palestinians who have
exceeded their sojourn abroad have to apply for a
new permit. The application
can be submitted either through the Iraqi embassy or through proxy.
The DRA/DAA must first
request clearance from the security department
within the DRA before a new
exit permit can be issued. The security department does a security check on the
applicant´s background. Once approved the DRA/DAA gives instructions to the designated
embassy as
well as all entry ports
allowing the applicant to return. The Embassy also
receives a copy of the
approval upon which it issues an entry permit (visa)
that is subsequently stamped
in the applicant´s travel document or Palestinian passport.42
It takes about 10 days to
issue an approval. The entry permit is valid for
three months during which the
applicant can return to Iraq. The applicant
must also pay a fine, either
at the Iraqi embassy or the diplomatic mission
abroad issuing the visa, in
this case the applicant pays 40 USD or at the port of entry upon arrival to
Iraq, in which case the fine is 80 USD43.
The applicant has to have a
valid travel document or passport issued by the Palestinian Authority before
he/she can apply for a new entry permit.
Palestinians who left Iraq
illegally can also be granted an entry permit.
However, they must first
verify that they are registered in Iraq and that they
were earlier residents in the
country. This can be verified through a letter
from the PCRA as well as the
MoMD and also the Palestinian Embassy in
Baghdad. Palestinians who are
born in Iraq can also be granted re-entry if
they can verify that they are
born in the country. Thereafter the applications
are processed in the same
manner as those with expired exit permits. 44
Migration officials at
Baghdad International Airport the delegation spoke to
informed that they have not
received any case of Palestinian returnees.45
UNHCR has expressed concerns
over the situation of Palestinian returnees
to Iraq46. In its Aide
Memoire of July 2012 concerning the situation of Palestinian Refugees in Iraq
the organisation stated that Palestinian returnees are more vulnerable than
others. Given their diminishing numbers in the country Palestinian
returnees tend to become more susceptible to threats and violence. Those who
were evicted from their homes when they fled the country are also liable to
become internally displaced upon return to Iraq. The deteriorating security
situation is also likely to further expose the group´ s vulnerability.
UNHCR reiterates in its
report that Palestinians returning to Baghdad after
years in exile are most
likely to be perceived as outsiders and therefore may be at risk of being
targeted in comparison to those Palestinians who
remained in Baghdad. In
addition, the Palestinian community is severely
weakened and marginalized and
is therefore not likely to provide adequate
protection and support for
returnees in the current security climate in Iraq.
Returnees may also find it
difficult to relocate to other parts of the country
as there are no alternative
Palestinian communities that can host them.47
5. Conclusion
The Palestinians population
in Iraq has declined considerably following the
fall of the Baath regime in
2003. The political developments and the deteriorating security situation
facing the country this past decade seem to
be the main contributing
elements to the continuant exodus of the population.
The general security
situation for Palestinians in Iraq has improved since
2007. There are no
indications that would suggest that the Palestinian population is facing any
direct threats that would single them out from any
other minority group.
However, as is the case with vulnerable groups living
in Iraq today members of the
Palestinian community feel marginalized by
the escalating sectarian
tension. The violations and attacks carried out against the population during
the sectarian violence have left the Palestinian community insecure as well as
susceptible to new reprisals. The fact that
certain segments of Iraqi society still regard Palestinians as
supporters of the
Saddam era further
contributes to their vulnerability.
The Palestinian population´s diminishing
number in Iraq is also having an
impact on the community´s
ability to provide support and protection for those left in the country, but
even for those returning to Iraq after years in
exile. Palestinians can
formerly return to Iraq regardless of their duration
abroad and irrespective of
whether they left the country legally or illegally.
However, there is no evidence
of any Palestinians having returned through
Baghdad International Airport
after having their asylum application rejected
abroad.
6. Consulted Sources
5.1 Oral sources
1. UNHCR
2. Palestinian Embassy in
Baghdad
3. Directorate of
Residency/Department of Arab Affairs, Ministry of
Interior (DRA/DAA)
4. Permanent Committee for
Refugee Affairs, Ministry of Interior
(PCRA)
5. Migration Authorities at
Baghdad International Airport
5.2 Written Sources
1. Email correspondence with
UNHCR
2. Email Correspondence with
Ministry of Migration and Displacement
3. Jadaliyya, An ongoing
Nakba; the Plight of Palestinian refugees in
Iraq, 2012-02-06, http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/4264/anongoing-
nakba_the-plight-of-palestinian-refugee, [ latest
downloaded 2014-03-06]
4. UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection
Considerations for the
Palestinian Refugees in Iraq, July 2012,
http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf
[ latest downloaded
2014-03-06]
5. Institute for
International Law and human Rights, Iraq´s Minorities
and Other Vulnerable Groups:
Legal framework, Documentation
and Human Rights, May 2013,
http://lawandhumanrights.org/documents/MinorityHB_EN.pdf,
[latest downloaded
2014-03-06]
6. League of Arab States, Protocol
for the Treatment of Palestinians in
Arab States ("Casablanca
Protocol"), 11 September 1965,
http://www.refworld.org/cgibin/
texis/vtx/rwmain?docid=460a2b252, [ latest downloaded 2014-
03-06]
7. UNRWA, The United
Nations and Palestinian Refugees,
http://www.unrwa.org/userfiles/2010011791015.pdf, [ latest
downloaded 2014-03-06]
7. Abbreviations
MoI Ministry of Interior
DRA/DAA Department of
Residency Affairs/Department of Arab Affairs
UNRWA United Nations Relief
and Work Agency for Palestinian
Refugees in the Near East
PCRA Permanent Committee for
Refugee Affairs
MoMD Ministry of Migration
and Displacement
MoFA Ministry of Foreign
Affairs
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1 Jadaliyya, An ongoing
Nakba; the Plight of Palestinian refugees in Iraq,2012-02-06, http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/4264/an-ongoing-nakba_the-plight-of-palestinianrefugee, Institute for International
Law and human Rights, Iraq´s Minorities and Other Vulnerable Groups: Legal
framework, Documentation and Human Rights, May 2013, http://lawandhumanrights.org/documents/MinorityHB_EN.pdf
2 UNHCR 2013-11-17,
Palestinian Embassy in Baghdad 2013-11-17, The Institute for International Law
and Human Rights , Iraq´s Minorities and Other Vulnerable Groups: Legal
framework, Documentation and Human Rights, May 2013, http://lawandhumanrights.org/documents/MinorityHB_EN.pdf
3 UNHCR 2013-11-17
4 UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection Considerations for the Palestinian Refugees in
Iraq, July 2012 http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf
Institute for International
Law and human Rights, Iraq´s Minorities and Other Vulnerable Groups: Legal
framework, Documentation and Human Rights, May 2013, http://lawandhumanrights.org/documents/MinorityHB_EN.pdf
5 UNHCR 2012-11-17
6 Palestinian Embassy in
Baghdad 2013-11-17
7 League of Arab States, Protocol
for the Treatment of Palestinians in Arab States ("Casablanca
Protocol"), 11 September 1965, http://www.refworld.org/cgibin/texis/vtx/rwmain?docid=460a2b252
8 Jadaliyya, An ongoing
Nakba; the Plight of Palestinian refugees in Iraq,2012-02-06, http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/4264/an-ongoing-nakba_the-plight-of-palestinianrefugee
9 UNRWA, The United
Nations and Palestinian Refugees, http://www.unrwa.org/userfiles/2010011791015.pdf
10 ibid
11 UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection Considerations for the Palestinian Refugees in
Iraq July 2012, http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf
12Jadaliyya, An ongoing
Nakba; the Plight of Palestinian refugees in Iraq,2012-02-06, http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/4264/an-ongoing-nakba_the-plight-of-palestinianrefugee
13 Palestinian Embassy in
Bagdad 2013-11-17
14 UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection Considerations for the Palestinian Refugees in
Iraq July 2012, http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf
15 UNHCR 2013-11-17
16 ibid
17 UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection Considerations for the Palestinian Refugees in
Iraq, July 2012, http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf
18 UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection Considerations for the Palestinian Refugees in
Iraq July 2012, http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf
Jadaliyya, An ongoing
Nakba; the Plight of Palestinian refugees in Iraq,2012-02-06, http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/4264/an-ongoing-nakba_the-plight-of-palestinianrefugee
19 Institute for
International Law and human Rights, Iraq´s Minorities and Other Vulnerable
Groups: Legal framework, Documentation and Human Rights, May 2013, http://lawandhumanrights.org/documents/MinorityHB_EN.pdf
20 Palestinian Embassy
2013-11-17
21 UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection Considerations for the Palestinian Refugees in
Iraq July 2012, http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf
22 Palestinian Embassy
2013-11-17
23 PCRA, 2014-02-02, Email
correspondence MoMD 2014-01-22
24 PCRA, 2014-02-02
25 Email correspondence UNHCR
2013-11-29
26 PCRA 2014-02-02
27 Email MoMD 2014-01-22,
PCRA 2014-02-02.
28 UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection Considerations for the Palestinian Refugees in
Iraq July 2012, http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf,
29 PCRA 2014-02-02
30 DRA/DAA 2014-02-02
31 Email MoMD 2014-01-22,
Telephone interview 2014-02-02
32 DRA/DAA, 2014-02-02
33 Email UNHCR 2013-11-29
34 Institute for
International Law and human Rights, Iraq´s Minorities and Other Vulnerable
Groups: Legal framework, Documentation and Human Rights, May 2013, http://lawandhumanrights.org/documents/MinorityHB_EN.pdf
35 Institute for
International Law and human Rights, Iraq´s Minorities and Other Vulnerable
Groups: Legal framework, Documentation and Human Rights, May 2013, http://lawandhumanrights.org/documents/MinorityHB_EN.pdf
36 DRA/DAA, 2014-02-02
37 DRA/DAA, 2014-02-02, PCRA
2014-02-02
38 UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection Considerations for the Palestinian Refugees in
Iraq, July 2012, http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf
39 DRA/DAA 2014-02-02
40 Palestinian Embassy,
2013-11-17
41 DRA/DAA 2014-02-02
42 DRA/DAA 2014-02-02
43 ibid
44 ibid
45 BIAP 2013-11-19
46 UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection Considerations for the Palestinian Refugees in
Iraq, July 2012, http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf
47 UNHCR, Update of UNHCR
Aide Memoire 2006 Protection Considerations for the Palestinian Refugees in
Iraq, July 2012, http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/500ebeea2.pdf
:Source
http://lifos.migrationsverket.se/dokument?documentSummaryId=31827
7/3/2014